EC2 Server Configuration 4.4
The OpenNebula EC2 Query is a web service that enables you to launch and manage virtual machines in your OpenNebula installation through the Amazon EC2 Query Interface. In this way, you can use any EC2 Query tool or utility to access your Private Cloud. The EC2 Query web service is implemented upon the OpenNebula Cloud API (OCA) layer that exposes the full capabilities of an OpenNebula private cloud; and Sinatra, a widely used light web framework.
The current implementation includes the basic routines to use a Cloud, namely: image upload and registration, and the VM run, describe and terminate operations. The following sections explain you how to install and configure the EC2 Query web service on top of a running OpenNebula cloud.
You must have an OpenNebula site properly configured and running , be sure to check the OpenNebula Installation and Configuration Guides to set up your private cloud first. This guide also assumes that you are familiar with the configuration and use of OpenNebula.
The OpenNebula EC2 Query service was installed during the OpenNebula installation, and the dependencies of this service are installed when using the install_gems tool as explained in the installation guide
If you installed OpenNebula from source you can install the EC2 Query dependencias as explained at the end of the Building from Source Code guide
The service is configured through the /etc/one/econe.conf
file, where you can set up the basic operational parameters for the EC2 Query web service. The following table summarizes the available options:
VARIABLE | VALUE |
---|---|
Server configuration | |
:tmpdir: | Directory to store temp files when uploading images |
:one_xmlrpc | oned xmlrpc service, http://localhost:2633/RPC2 |
:host | Host where econe server will run |
:port | Port where econe server will run |
:ssl_server | URL for the EC2 service endpoint, when configured through a proxy |
Log | |
:debug_level | Log debug level, 0 = ERROR, 1 = WARNING, 2 = INFO, 3 = DEBUG |
Auth | |
:auth | Authentication driver for incomming requests |
:core_auth | Authentication driver to communicate with OpenNebula core. Check this guide for more information about the core_auth system |
File based templates | |
:use_file_templates | Use former file based templates for instance types instead of OpenNebula templates |
:instance_types | DEPRECATED The VM types for your cloud |
Resources | |
:describe_with_terminated_instances | Include terminated instances in the describe_instances xml. When this parameter is enabled all the VMs in DONE state will be retrieved in each describe_instances action and then filtered. This can cause performance issues when the pool of VMs in DONE state is huge |
:terminated_instances_expiration_time | Terminated VMs will be included in the list till the termination date + terminated_instances_expiration_time is reached |
:datastore_id | Datastore in which the Images uploaded through EC2 will be allocated, by default 1 |
:cluster_id | Cluster associated with the EC2 resources, by default no Cluster is defined |
Elastic IP | |
:elasticips_vnet_id | VirtualNetwork containing the elastic ips to be used with EC2. If no defined the Elastic IP functionality is disabled |
:associate_script | Script to associate a public IP with a private IP arguments: elastic_ip private_ip vnet_template(base64_encoded) |
:disassociate_script | Script to disassociate a public IP arguments: elastic_ip |
EBS | |
:ebs_fstype | FSTYPE that will be used when creating new volumes (DATABLOCKs) |
:host
must be a FQDN, do not use IP's here.
econe.conf
file.
The cloud users have to be created in the OpenNebula system by oneadmin
using the oneuser
utility. Once a user is registered in the system, using the same procedure as to create private cloud users, they can start using the system.
The users will authenticate using the Amazon EC2 procedure with AWSAccessKeyId
their OpenNebula's username and AWSSecretAccessKey
their OpenNebula's hashed password.
The cloud administrator can limit the interfaces that these users can use to interact with OpenNebula by setting the driver “public” for them. Using that driver cloud users will not be able to interact with OpenNebula through Sunstone, CLI nor XML-RPC. <xterm> $ oneuser chauth cloud_user public </xterm>
You can define as many Virtual Machine types as you want, just:
# This is the content of the /tmp/m1.small file NAME = "m1.small" EC2_INSTANCE_TYPE = "m1.small" CPU = 1 MEMORY = 1700 ...
<xterm> $ ontemplate create /tmp/m1.small $ ontemplate chgrp m1.small users $ ontemplate chmod m1.small 640 </xterm>
The template must include all the required information to instantiate a new virtual machine, such as network configuration, capacity, placement requirements, etc. This information will be used as a base template and will be merged with the information provided by the user.
The user will select an instance type along with the ami id, keypair and user data when creating a new instance. Therefore, the template should not include the OS, since it will be specified by the user with the selected AMI.
To start the EC2 Query service just issue the following command
<xterm>
$ econe-server start
</xterm>
You can find the econe server log file in /var/log/one/econe-server.log
.
To stop the EC2 Query service: <xterm> $ econe-server stop </xterm>
In order to benefit from the Keypair functionality, the images that will be used by the econe users must be prepared to read the EC2_PUBLIC_KEY and EC2_USER_DATA from the CONTEXT disk. This can be easliy achieved with the new contextualization packages, generating a new custom contextualization package like this one:
#!/bin/bash echo "$EC2_PUBLIC_KEY" > /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
An Elastic IP address is associated with the user, not a particular instance, and the user controls that address until he chooses to release it. This way the user can programmatically remap his public IP addresses to any of his instances.
In order to enable this functionality you have to follow the following steps:
NAME = "ElasticIPs" TYPE = FIXED PHYDEV = "eth0" VLAN = "YES" VLAN_ID = 50 BRIDGE = "brhm" LEASES = [IP=10.0.0.1] LEASES = [IP=10.0.0.2] LEASES = [IP=10.0.0.3] LEASES = [IP=10.0.0.4] # Custom Attributes to be used in Context GATEWAY = 130.10.0.1
<xterm> $ onevnet create /tmp/fixed.vnet ID: 8 </xterm>
USE
permission for the ec2 users is not required
:elastic_ips_vnet: 8
The interaction with the infrastructure has been abstracted, therefore two scripts have to be provided by the cloud administrator in order to interact with each specific network configuration. This two scripts enable us to adapt this feature to different configurations and data centers.
These scripts are language agnostic and their path has to be specified in the econe configuration file:
:associate_script: /usr/bin/associate_ip.sh :disassociate_script: /usr/bin/disassociate_ip.sh
The associate script will receive three arguments: elastic_ip to be associated; private_ip of the instance; Virtual Network template base64 encoded
The disassociate script will receive three arguments: elastic_ip to be disassociated
It is recommended to create a new group to handle the ec2 cloud users: <xterm> $ onegroup create ec2 ID: 100 </xterm> Create and add the users to the ec2 group (ID:100): <xterm> $ oneuser create clouduser my_password ID: 12 $ oneuser chgrp 12 100 </xterm>
Also, you will have to create ACL rules so that the cloud users are able to deploy their VMs in the allowed hosts. <xterm> $ onehost list
ID NAME CLUSTER RVM ALLOCATED_CPU ALLOCATED_MEM STAT 1 kvm1 - 2 110 / 200 (55%) 640M / 3.6G (17%) on 1 kvm2 - 2 110 / 200 (55%) 640M / 3.6G (17%) on 1 kvm3 - 2 110 / 200 (55%) 640M / 3.6G (17%) on
</xterm> These rules will allow users inside the ec2 group (ID:100) to deploy VMs in the hosts kvm01 (ID:0) and kvm03 (ID:3) <xterm> $ oneacl create “@100 HOST/#1 MANAGE” $ oneacl create “@100 HOST/#3 MANAGE” </xterm>
You have to create a VNet network using the onevnet utility
with the IP's you want to lease to the VMs created with the EC2 Query service.
<xterm>
$ onevnet create /tmp/templates/vnet
ID: 12
</xterm>
Remember that you will have to add this VNet (ID:12) to the users group (ID:100) and give USE (640) permissions to the group in order to get leases from it. <xterm> $ onevnet chgrp 12 100 $ onevnet chmod 12 640 </xterm>
/etc/one/ec2query_templates
directory, in order to use this VNet ID
OpenNebula EC2 Query Service runs natively just on normal HTTP connections. If the extra security provided by SSL is needed, a proxy can be set up to handle the SSL connection that forwards the petition to the EC2 Query Service and takes back the answer to the client.
This set up needs:
If you want to try out the SSL setup easily, you can find in the following lines an example to set a self-signed certificate to be used by a lighttpd configured to act as an HTTP proxy to a correctly configured EC2 Query Service.
Let's assume the server were the lighttpd proxy is going to be started is called cloudserver.org
. Therefore, the steps are:
We are going to generate a snakeoil certificate. If using an Ubuntu system follow the next steps (otherwise your milleage may vary, but not a lot):
ssl-cert
package<xterm> $ sudo apt-get install ssl-cert </xterm>
<xterm> $ sudo /usr/sbin/make-ssl-cert generate-default-snakeoil </xterm>
<xterm> $ sudo cat /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem > /etc/lighttpd/server.pem </xterm>
You will need to edit the /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf
configuration file and
server.port = 8443
#### proxy module ## read proxy.txt for more info proxy.server = ( "" => ("" => ( "host" => "127.0.0.1", "port" => 4567 ) ) ) #### SSL engine ssl.engine = "enable" ssl.pemfile = "/etc/lighttpd/server.pem"
The host must be the server hostname of the computer running the EC2Query Service, and the port the one that the EC2Query Service is running on.
The econe.conf
needs to define the following:
# Host and port where econe server will run :host: localhost :port: 4567 #SSL proxy URL that serves the API (set if is being used) :ssl_server: https://cloudserver.org:8443/
Once the lighttpd server is started, EC2Query petitions using HTTPS uris can be directed to https://cloudserver.org:8443
, that will then be unencrypted, passed to localhost, port 4567, satisfied (hopefully), encrypted again and then passed back to the client.
:ssl_server
must be an URL that may contain a custom path.