The cluster nodes must have a working installation of Xen that includes a Xen aware kernel running in Dom0 and the Xen utilities. In each cluster node you must perform the following steps to get the driver running:

• The remote hosts must have the xend daemon running (/etc/init.d/xend) and a XEN aware kernel running in Dom0

• The <oneadmin> user may need to execute Xen commands using root privileges. This can be done by adding this two lines to the sudoers file of the cluster nodes so <oneadmin> user can execute Xen commands as root (change paths to suit your installation):

%xen    ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/xm *
%xen    ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/xentop *

• You may also want to configure network for the virtual machines. OpenNebula assumes that the VMs have network access through standard bridging, please refer to the Xen documentation to configure the network for your site.

• Some distributions have requiretty option enabled in the sudoers file. It must be disabled to so ONE can execute commands using sudo. The line to comment out is this one:

Defaults requiretty

The driver consists of the following files:

• $ONE_LOCATION/lib/mads/one_vmm_sh : generic VMM driver.

• $ONE_LOCATION/etc/vmm_sh/vmm_shrc : environment setup and bootstrap instructions

• $ONE_LOCATION/etc/vmm_sh/vmm_sh_xen.conf : set here default values for XEN domain definitions.

• $ONE_LOCATION/lib/remotes/vmm/xen : commands executed to perform actions

Note: If OpenNebula was installed in system wide mode these directories become /usr/lib/one and /etc/one/, respectively. The rest of this guide refers to the $ONE_LOCATION paths (corresponding to self contained mode) and omits the equivalent system wide locations. More information on installation modes can be found here

OpenNebula needs to know if it is going to use the XEN Driver. To achieve this, two lines have to be placed within $ONE_LOCATION/etc/oned.conf, one for the VM driver and other for the IM driver:

    IM_MAD = [
        name       = "im_xen",
        executable = "one_im_ssh",
        arguments  = "xen" ]
	
    VM_MAD = [
        name       = "vmm_xen",
        executable = "one_vmm_sh",
        arguments  = "xen",
        default    = "vmm_sh/vmm_sh_xen.conf",
        type       = "xen" ]

• The name of the driver needs to be provided at the time of adding a new cluster node to OpenNebula.
• executable points to the path of the driver executable file. It can be an absolute path or relative to $ONE_LOCATION/lib/mads.
• The default points to the configuration file for the driver (see below). It can be an absolute path or relative to $ONE_LOCATION/etc.
• type identifies this driver as a XEN driver.

The driver uses two configuration files, by default placed in OpenNebula installation directory:

• Defaults file, specified in the default attribute in the driver specification line in oned.conf, usually$ONE_LOCATION/etc/vmm_sh/vmm_sh_xen.conf. This file is home for default values for domain definitions (in other words, OpenNebula templates). Let's go for a more concrete and VM related example. If the user wants to set a default value for CPU requirements for all of their XEN domain definitions, simply edit the vmm_sh_xen.conf file and set a

  CPU=0.6

into it. Now, when defining a ONE template to be sent to a XEN resource, the user has the choice of “forgetting” to set the CPU requirement, in which case it will default to 0.6.

It is generally a good idea to place defaults for the XEN-specific attributes, that is, attributes mandatory in the XEN driver that are not mandatory for other hypervisors. Non mandatory attributes for XEN but specific to them are also recommended to have a default.

• Run commands file, the $ONE_LOCATION/lib/remotes/vmm/xen/xenrc file contains environment variables for the driver. You may need to tune the values for XM_PATH, if /usr/sbin/xm do not live in their default locations in the remote hosts. This file can also hold instructions to be executed before the actual driver load to perform specific tasks or to pass environmental variables to the driver. The syntax used for the former is plain shell script that will be evaluated before the driver execution. For the latter, the syntax is the familiar:

  ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE=VALUE

The following are template attributes specific to Xen, please refer to the OpenNebula user guide for a complete list of the attributes supported to define a VM.

Xen comes with a credit scheduler. The credit scheduler is a proportional fair share CPU scheduler built from the ground up to be work conserving on SMP hosts. This attribute sets a 16 bit value that will represent the amount of sharing this VM will have respect to the others living in the same host. This value is set into the driver configuration file, is not intended to be defined per domain.

• type, This attribute defines the Xen backend for disk images, possible values are file:, tap:aio:… Note the trailing :.

• model, This attribute defines the type of the vif. This corresponds to the type attribute of a vif, possible values are ioemu, netfront…

• ip, This attribute defines the ip of the vif and can be used to set antispoofing rules. For example if you want to use antispoofing with network-bridge, you will have to add this line to /etc/xen/xend-config.sxp:

  (network-script 'network-bridge antispoofing=yes')

The raw attribute offers the end user the possibility of passing by attributes not known by OpenNebula to Xen. Basically, everything placed here will be written ad literally into the Xen deployment file.

  RAW = [ type="xen", data="on_crash=destroy" ]